Josefina died on 18 February 1987 at age 71 in Elche, Alicante. Months later came their second son, Manuel Miguel (4 January 1939 – 1984). Their first son, Manuel Ramón, was born on 19 December 1937 but died in infancy on 19 October 1938. His wife inspired him to write most of his romantic work. ĭuring the Civil War, on the 9 March 1937, he married Josefina Manresa Marhuenda, whom he had met in 1933 in Orihuela. He campaigned for the Republic during the war, writing poetry and addressing troops deployed to the front. A member of the Communist Party of Spain, Hernández was a member of the Fifth Regiment at the start of the Spanish Civil War and served in the 11th Division during the Battle of Teruel.
Though Hernández employed novel images and concepts in his verses, he never abandoned classical, popular rhythms and rhymes. Shaped by both Golden Age writers such as Francisco de Quevedo and, like many Spanish poets of his era, by European vanguard movements, notably by surrealism, he joined a generation of socially conscious Spanish authors concerned with workers rights.
As a youth, Hernández greatly admired the Spanish Baroque lyric poet Luis de Góngora, who was an influence in his early works. He was introduced to literature by friend Ramon Sijé. He spent his childhood as a goatherd and farmhand, and was, for the most part, self-taught, although he did receive basic education from state schools and the Jesuits. Hernández was born in Orihuela, Alicante, to a poor family and received little formal education he published his first book of poetry at 23, and gained considerable fame before his death. His last book, Cancionero y romancero de ausencias, was published after his death, and is a collection of the poems he wrote in prison, some written in rudimentary pieces of toilet paper, others preserved in letters to his wife, is considered one of the finest pieces of Spanish poetry of the 20th century. Hernández died of tuberculosis, imprisoned due to his active participation on the Republican side of the civil war. At school, he became a friend of Ramón Sijé, a well-educated boy who lent and recommended books to Hernández, and whose death would inspire his most famous poem, Elegy. Born and raised in a family of low resources, he was self-taught in what refers to literature, and struggled against an unfavourable environment to build up his intellectual education, such as a father who physically abused him for spending time with books instead of working, and who took him out of school as soon as he finished his primary education. Miguel Hernández Gilabert (30 October 1910 – 28 March 1942 ) was a 20th-century Spanish-language poet and playwright associated with the Generation of '27 and the Generation of '36 movements.
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